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i 3 SSSSSSSS heet 2. v J. MDODGJELl Hinge Joint, & O. v PatentedApril. 5,1881.v

PATENT OEEICE.

` JAMES M. DODGE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HINGE-JOINT, sac.

SPECIFICATION Araming part of Letters Patent N6. 239,739, dated April 5, 1881,

Appiieation fusa .iugm-11,14, Isso. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JAMES M. DODGE, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Hinge-Joint, applicable `also-to joints of other articles; Aand I do hereby declare that` the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyiug drawings, making part of this application.

My invention relates to 'a novel structure of detachable hin ge-like joints, adapted more` particularly to the manufacture of cast hinges, but applicable, also, in the manufacture of what are known as detachable drive-chains 7. and in the manufacture of other articles or goods in which two or more cast-metal parts areto be hinged together in a manner to permit a designed, but not a casual, uucoupling of such parts.

The main object of myinvention is the manufacture, in amore economical manner, of such articles, the structure of those portions composing the hinge-like joint or articulation ,be-p

ing such that no cores have to be set in the operation of casting the parts.

To these main ends and objects my invention consists in a hinge-joint composed of two or more open hook-like devices and two o1' more piutle-like devices on the two parts ofthe hinge or other article designed to be coupled together, each part of the hinge or other article heilig provided or formedwith such open hook and pintle like devices, arranged alternately and substantially iu line-that is, with the pintle-like device or devices (if there be more than one in each part of the hinge or otherarticle) inline with the hollow or hollows of the hook or hooks in which are designed to Work the similar pintle-like devices ofthe other half of'thehin ge, all as will be hereinafter more fully described.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe it more fully, referring by letters of reference to the accompanying drawings. making part of this specification, and in which is illustrated, in several forms of hinges and chains, my invention as I have practically applied it.

Figure lis a face view,`with`the leaves'opened out, of a cast-iron door hinge or butt made according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a back view, with the leaves in the same position 5 Fig. 3, a cross-section at w, Fig. 1, with the leaves or parts of the hngeturnechfon their lines, the manner ot' separation of the parts of 6.o

the hinge.

At Fig. 5 is shown, in back view, with the leaves turned into the same plane, a modified form of hinge embracing my novel construction of joint and having the two end pintles, as well as the middle one, connected or cast fast with the part to which they belong at both ends ot' each of said pintles. 2

At Fig. 6 is a face view; at Fig. 7, a back view; and at Fig. 8, a cross sectional view, with theparts illustrated as-turned into the position. for, and showing by dotted lines the separation of, the parts ofa detachable drive- `chain or chain-belt embodying my invention,

while at Figs. 9, l0, andll are shown, respectively, like views ot' another form of chain having its joints or articulations made according to my invention.

In describing in detail by the drawings the construction and operation of the parts of the articles shown, I will rst separately refer to the figures showing the hinges, and subsequently and more brieiiy allude to those showing the chains.

Wherever the same parts appear in the various figures of the drawings they will be found designated by the same letters of reference. Y

'A and B represent the two leaves or parts of a hinge, such as is most usually made of 9o cast-iron, either common gray iron or malleable, but cast with a conformation of parts to form the joint between them that is peculiar to my invention.

As represented, the part A of the hinge is cast with two lugs, c d, near either end of the Y leaf, from which project two'pintle-like devices,

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signed to accommodate, as shown, the pintlelike device h of the other part, B, of the hinge. This other part, B, is cast, as shown, with two open hooks or socket-like devices, ij, the adjacent closed ends of which serve to sustain the pintle-like portion 7L, and the latter, as well as the interiors of the hook-like devices j (in which are accommodated the pintles c f of part A) are all in line and coincide with the axis of motion of the hinge.

The drawings explain better than words can the peculiar shapes andrelative arrangements of the devices alluded to as going to make up each half of the hinge, and also clearly show how the two parts couple and work together, and how they may be separated.

By reference now to Figs. 3 and 4 it will be seen that two hinge parts, such as A and B, made as shown and described, and then coupled together to make an operative hinge, while they may be turned clear around to the position seen at Fig. 3, or even farther, (which is farther than they can possibly be turned when in practical use for the purposes for which hinges are employed,) without any liability of any separation of the parts, they may be sepavrated and reunited when turned into the relative position seen at Fig. 4 by moving the .parts as there illustrated, from which it will be understood that though the construction of the joint portions with the open hooks, as shown, is such that these hook-like receptacles for the pintles, as well as the rest of the hinge, can be readily cast without any cores, yet, when coupled together, the parts of the hinge are Vquite as inseparable, and have as perfect a joint for all practical purposes, and when applied to a door and frame or other place where .hinges are used, as the ordinary hinge in which cylindrical sockets or housings for the accommodation of the pintle or pintles have to be cored out in the process of casting the hinge parts.

The principle of operation of the modified .form of hinge seen at Fig. 5` is the same as that of the hinge exhibited in the preceding figures, and it possesses, of course, the same advantages of economy of manufacture.

In a hinge made according to my invention, though the parts, when in use, are inseparable, they may, by removing the hinge from the place at which it may have been applied, be separated, and thus either part may, if broken, be replaced by a duplicate part, or this substitution maybe readily made in putting together parts of the manufacture to pack the articles for the market.

In the chain shown at Figs. 6, 7, and 8 duplicate parts C and D are employed, each in the case shown being composed of three open links or sprocket-wheel links cast in one piece, so that a series of su'ch pieces, when coupled together, will make a chain-belt three links wide. As shown, each piece of the chain has .literally three-link end bars, t' j 7c, and three open coupler-hooks or hook-like sockets, Z-m n, the disposition of these several devices being such that there are on one side of -the chainpiece two end bars, tj, and one coupler-hook, n, while on the opposite side are two couplerhooks, lm, and one end bar, 7c. The arrangement of the coupler-hooks and end bars is such that those at each side of the chain-piece are in line, and when the pieces G and D are coupled together the end bars of each chainpiece lit and work in the coupler-hooks of the adjoining chain-pieces and form perfect hingejoints. When, however, any two adjacent parts are turned into the relative position seen at Fig. 8, they may be taken apart, as illustrated by the dotted lines at said ligure; but so long as the chain partsare retained in any of the relative positions which itis possible for them to occupy when the chain is in practical operation it is quite impossible for them to become detached. v

At Figs. 9, 10, and 11 the drive-chain shown is of 'that form in which the chain is composed, widthwise, of a single open link, and therefore each chain-piece or single link composing the chain here shown is formed or provided with one pintle-like device, o, and one coupler-hook, gaat each end of each link, the arrangement of said devices being such, as shown, that when two or more such links are coupled together a detachable drive-chain is formed, the open spaces of which (for the accommodation of the sprockets of the wheels on which such chains are usually used) are each perfectly rectangular in contour. Inthis modification of chain, embracing myinvention, each chain piece or link has two end bars or pintle-like devices and two coupler-hooks, the pintle-like device at each end being exactly opposite the coupler-hook of the other end, and, as in the other form of chain shown and both forms of hinge, all the coupler-hooks of each casting open in the same direction or at the same side of the casting, so that the casting of the parts of the chains, or. hinges, as the case may be, without any cores is made easy and economical.

In the form of chain last described I have provided interlocking -lugs s, the roots of which come together, when the parts ofthe chain may be turned as far as possible in a working position, and form stops, instead of the limit of motion being dependent on the coming together of the ends of the side-bar portions of the links.

Of course many variations in the detail conformations of the parts and various applications of my novel detachable joint may be made without departing from the principle of my invention, the gist of which rests, primarily, in the employment, in the hin ge-like joint, of any two parts designed to be thus jointed, of open hook-like couplers and pintle-like devices, whereby the casting of the parts may be done withoutcores and at the same timea perfect hinge-joint produced for working purposes 5 and, secondarily, in having all the open hook-like devices of each casting open out at the same side, to further facilitate the manu- IOO IOS

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facture of those articles in which the castings preferably have each two or more such coupler-hooks.

Having now so fully explained the nature of my invention and those modes of carrying it out which I have so far employed in practice as to enable those skilled in the art to make and use various articles of manufacture the pintle-like device can pass bodily and laterally through the opening of the hook-like socket, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A joint for hinges, drive-chains, and other articles, composed of open hook-like sockets and pintle-lke devices or bars cast on the parts designed to be' hinged together, the arrangement of the sockets and bars being such that one of the said parts shall have alternately two or more sockets and one or more bars, while the other shall have two or more bars and one or more sockets, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 11th day of' August,

JAMES MAPES DODGE. [L. s.] In presence of Y BURRoUs M. SAUNDERs, GHAs. S. BURTON. 

